Moderate

Types of Exercise

Different types of exercise have different strengths. Understanding what each does best helps in building an exercise approach that matches individual goals — whether that is fat loss, muscle preservation, cardiovascular health, or time efficiency.

Quick read · 3 min

This may be relevant if you:
  • Are not sure which type of exercise to start with
  • Want to compare aerobic training, resistance training, and HIIT in one place
  • Are on GLP-1 drugs and want to know which exercise type matters most for muscle preservation
In simple terms:
  • Aerobic exercise (walking, running, cycling) is the main driver of fat loss and cardiovascular health
  • Resistance training (weights, bodyweight) is the key strategy to preserve muscle — especially important on GLP-1 drugs
  • HIIT produces comparable results to steady aerobic exercise in less time per session
  • The combination of aerobic + resistance training produces the best overall outcomes for body composition

Based on clinical trials · No rankings · Every claim linked to source

Last reviewed: March 2026

Aerobic exercise

Examples: Walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, rowing

Best for
  • Fat loss (dose-dependent)
  • Cardiovascular health
  • Blood pressure reduction
  • Metabolic health
Practical notes

Most accessible form. 150+ min/week is the threshold for clinically meaningful fat loss. Can be incorporated into daily routines (walking, cycling to work).

Evidence: Strong evidence for cardiovascular health; moderate for weight loss in isolation.

Resistance training

Examples: Weight lifting, bodyweight exercises, resistance bands

Best for
  • Lean mass preservation
  • Muscle building
  • Insulin sensitivity
  • Functional strength
  • Bone density
Practical notes

Especially important on GLP-1 drugs. 2–3 sessions per week, targeting major muscle groups. Intensity matters — training to near failure is more effective than very light resistance.

Evidence: Strong evidence for lean mass preservation and insulin sensitivity. Modest direct fat loss when combined with adequate volume.

HIIT (High-Intensity Interval Training)

Examples: Sprint intervals, circuit training, Tabata

Best for
  • Time efficiency
  • Fat loss (comparable to MICT per session)
  • VO2 max improvements
  • Metabolic health
Practical notes

Time-efficient: comparable results to MICT in 30–40% less time in some trials. Higher injury risk and perceived effort — adherence varies by individual.

Evidence: Moderate evidence. Meta-analyses show HIIT produces similar fat loss and metabolic improvements to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in less time per session.

Combined training

Examples: Aerobic + resistance in same programme

Best for
  • Overall health outcomes
  • Best body composition changes
  • Metabolic health
  • Long-term maintenance
Practical notes

Most effective approach overall. Can be structured as alternating days or combined sessions. Recommended for people on GLP-1 drugs to address both fat loss and lean mass.

Evidence: Strongest evidence for combining aerobic and resistance training. Produces greater improvements in body composition than either alone.

For people on GLP-1 drugs

For people taking GLP-1 receptor agonists or similar drugs, the combination of resistance training (2–3x/week) and adequate protein intake (1.2–1.6 g/kg/day) is particularly important. These drugs can cause significant lean mass loss alongside fat loss — resistance training is the most evidence-based counter-strategy to preserve muscle and improve body composition outcomes.

Medical disclaimer: This website is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any treatment.

Next step most people take